| Journal of Medical Cases, ISSN 1923-4155 print, 1923-4163 online, Open Access |
| Article copyright, the authors; Journal compilation copyright, J Med Cases and Elmer Press Inc |
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Case Report
Volume 16, Number 12, December 2025, pages 499-503
Aortic Dissection During Diagnostic Coronary Angiography in a Patient With Acute Coronary Syndrome: The Role of Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Figure

Table
| Aspect | Dunning et al, 2000 [1] | Gomez-Moreno et al, 2006 [2] | Nunez-Gil et al, 2015 [3] |
|---|---|---|---|
| ACS: acute coronary syndrome; PCI: percutaneous coronary intervention; CABG: coronary artery bypass grafting; RCA: right coronary artery. | |||
| Incidence | 0.02% (9/43,143 catheterizations) | 0.04% (18/40,900 catheterizations) | 0.07% (74/108,083 catheterizations) |
| Patient profile | Mostly ACS patients undergoing PCI | Predominantly ACS cases during PCI | Primarily ACS cases during PCI |
| Mechanism | RCA dissection with retrograde extension into the aorta in all cases | Retrograde coronary dissection into aorta in most cases | Similar: coronary dissection with retrograde aortic extension |
| Classification (Dunning) | Class I: limited to coronary sinus | Not specifically classified | Not specifically classified |
| Class II: < 4 cm into ascending aorta | |||
| Class III: > 4 cm into ascending aorta | |||
| Management | PCI (all 9 patients had stenting of the dissected RCA) | Conservative (8 patients) | Conservative (35 patients) |
| Surgery (especially for class III) | PCI (10 patients) | PCI (34 patients) | |
| Surgery (3 patients: 2 aortic, 1 CABG) | |||
| None (2 patients, who died) | |||
| Outcomes | Surgery in class III associated with worse prognosis | During follow-up, 6 patients required not specified coronary or aortic surgical repairs. | Overall mortality rate: 2.7% |